The present study investigated the validity and reliability of the rathus assertion schedule. Aug 12, 2017 the rathus assertiveness scale raswas designed to measure a persons level of assertiveness. The first step is to list the situations in which you would like to be more assertive. In terms of validity results indicated that scores of external raters, unaware of their subjects selfevaluations, correlated significantly with their subjects assertion scores. The rathus assertiveness schedule modified for early. Revel human sexuality in a changing world provides a clear overview of this diverse field, aimed at helping students see the effects of both biology and culture upon human sexuality. The list of acronyms and abbreviations related to ras rathus assertiveness schedule. Spence rathus is a veteran author who, in addition to his intro and development books with thomson learning, publishes texts in adjustment and abnormal psychology with other publishers. View homework help handout assertiveness scale from sowk 5303 at east tennessee state university. Assertiveness formative questionnaire technical report.
Some of the rass items were based on social situations included in different questionnaires while some other items. You might want to use the results as a guide in planning your own personal growth program and. Item analysis shows that 27 of the 30 items correlate significantly with the total scale score and 19 of 30 correlate significantly with external criteria. Studies of the reliability and validity of a schedule for measuring assertiveness are presented. Human sexuality in a changing world provides a clear overview of this diverse field, aimed at helping students see the effects of both biology and culture upon human sexuality. To me, the videotaped treatmentwas the important featureofmy research. It should be noted that this is not necessarily an indication of a lack of reliability or validity within a. For some questions the assertive end of the scale is at 0, for others at 4.
A subjects total rathus assertiveness schedule score, his total college selfexpression scale score, and his score on items which purported to measure ability to respond appropriately in situations requiring positively assertive responses were poor predictors of ability to perform in realistic situations. Handout assertiveness scale self assessment last one head. The ras provides a score and a percentile for interpretation. The assertiveness construct, at that time, was the equivalent to the construct later known as social skills caballo 1997. The respondents are asked to mark one of the following options for each item. Assertiveness scale sas was developed to measure initiation of wanted sexual experience, refusal of unwanted sexual experience, and prevention of pregnancystds with a regular partner. The data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Grade averages of teacher candidates were recorded by researchers and the success intervals determined by the status of eastern mediterranean university 4. The rathus assertiveness schedule exploring your mind.
The reliability and validity and an item analysis of the resultant in strument, the rathus assertiveness schedule ras, are. If anyone has access toever used the official tis6 questions, or could point me in the right direction, i would be very grateful. As a social skill, assertiveness is essential for your wellbeing. The purpose of the present study was to develop a measure for functional assertiveness, the functional assertiveness scale fas. The relation between assertiveness levels, locus of. Knowing how to express your thoughts and needs and defending your rights can boost your relationship with others and improve your selfesteem.
Measuring dimensions of objective effectiveness and pragmatic politeness takashi mitamura1, ritsumeikan university abstract. The srassf reduces response burden, while maintaining reliability and validity. In order to foster a more personal and impactful learning experience, authors spencer rathus, jeffrey nevid, and lois fichner rathus encourage students to reflect upon. This resource shows how assertiveness can be considered on a scale with aggression and passivity. Human sexuality in a world of diversity rathus chapter. Higher scores on both subscales were associated with increases in assertiveness and masculinity as measured by the rathus schedule and the bem inventory.
Every paper citing the roodt 2004 paper mentions the tis6. As the first member of his family to attend college, he struggled through dry and technical books that didnt resonate with him. The rathus assertiveness schedule ras, one of the most widely used assessments, is a 30item instrument that uses a sixpoint likert scale to measure characteristics associated with aggressiveness and assertiveness rathus, 1973. One way to gain insight into how assertive you are is to take the following self report test of assertive behavior. The 30item rathus assertiveness schedule was modified for the seventhgrade population using the method of peer ratings. A 30item schedule for assessing assertive behavior.
The method of peer rating itself attained a moderate to high splithalf reliability n108, 0. The results support the interpretation of the selfefficacy scale as a measure of expectancies of personal ability to initiate and persist in the performance of behaviors. An investigation of the validity and reliability of the. Pdf adaptive and aggressive assertiveness scales aaas. Factor analysis of the rathus assertiveness schedule with. The rathus scale measures assertive behaviors across a variety of business and social contexts. The relation between assertiveness levels, locus of control. The 19item simple rathus assertiveness scaleshort form srassf had acceptable reliability a. The scale was administered to elementary and middle school children n609 and readministered to students n164 to assess testretest reliability. The rathus assertiveness schedule ras is a 30item selfreport instrument designed by rathus to measure assertiveness. Rathus assertiveness schedule and college selfexpression. Let us observe four types of people and their different behaviors in those situations. His goal is to write textbooks that excite and motivate todays students, through humor, personal examples, and a. Links to the instrument can be found in the psychometric file.
The sas was designed to measure sexual assertiveness specifically in women, because previous theorists have established the. Factor analysis of the rathus assertiveness schedule with a. The rathus assertiveness schedule, developed by dr. Splithalf reliability scores are of moderate to high acceptability n108, 0. In this study, rathus assertiveness schedule and rotter locus of control scale were used for data collection.
Functional assertiveness is a new concept of assertiveness that represents a method of appropriate self. This instrument includes 30 items, 16 reversed to avoid response bias, and employs a sixpoint likerttype response format. Indicate how characteristic or descriptive each of the following statements is of you by using the code given below. Indicate how characteristic or descriptive each of the following. The following table will show you how your score compares to those of 764 college women and 637 men from 35 campuses across the united states. The linkage between assertiveness and apprehension about communication, as. The purpose of this study was to develop more specific normative data for the rathus assertiveness. Second, i put together the scale for use in my doctoral research on the efficacy of videotaped assertiveness. For example, if you are a woman and your score was 26, it exceeded that of 80% of the women in the sample. Technical report overview what this questionnaire measures. In the rathus scale both high reliability and concurrent and predictive validity, 15, 17 have been reported. Because assertiveness, more so than social anxiety, tends to be related to specific situations, you may want to devise a somewhat more detailed plan for change.
Human sexuality in a world of diversity rathus chapter 6. Dec 12, 2017 the purpose of the present study was to develop a measure for functional assertiveness, the functional assertiveness scale fas. The original rathus assertiveness schedule ras is a. The rathus assertiveness scale raswas designed to measure a persons level of assertiveness.
The rathus assertiveness scale raswas designed to measure a. The only score is your own evaluation of how you close you actually come to your own ideal level of assertiveness. Readers are cautioned that the findings of this study must be qualified by the replacement of the sixpoint scale on the rathus instrument with a fivepoint scale. Use this questionnaire by following these guidelines. It is also an instrument for measuring behavioural change in assertion training. The 19item simple rathus assertiveness scaleshort form srassf had acceptable reliability. Assertiveness selfassessment questionnaire answer the following questionnaire by placing a cross that corresponds to you answer in the column below. Standardization of the rathus assertiveness schedule quillin 1977. Described an assertiveness scale for children developed to assess four dimensions of assertiveness across three categories of interpersonal situations. Some of the rass items were based on social situations included in different. Rathus assertiveness schedule and rosenberg selfesteem scale were used to assess the assertiveness and selfesteem in adolescents. Functional assertiveness is defined as interpersonal communication that occurs when a speaker. Testretest reliability was low while internal consistency reliability. In order to foster a more personal and impactful learning experience, authors spencer rathus, jeffrey nevid, and lois fichner rathus encourage students to reflect.
Seventyfive ss, who spanned the range of assertiveness, completed two selfreport measures of assertiveness, the rathus assertiveness scale ras and the college selfexpression scale cses. You can use the items on the rathus scale as a guide. Adaptive and aggressive assertiveness scales aaa s article pdf available in journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment 333. Just when she is about to be attended to, a guy jumps the queue and requests her to let him put his query across. Measures rathus assertiveness inventory rai and peer pressure scale pps and a questionnaire form with 15 questions that addressed sociodemographic features, reasons to choose nursing profession and whether they were satisfied with their decision to be a nursing student were used. In order to foster a more personal and impactful learning experience, authors spencer rathus, jeffrey nevid, and lois fichnerrathus encourage students to reflect upon. The results showed the factorial complexity of the scale, with eight and nine factors emerging for males and females respectively, and thus supported the situationallyspecific. Every paper citing the roodt 2004 paper mentions the tis6 but. Information on reliability and validity are provided below. Pdf diminished assertiveness has been associated with neuroticism. Assertiveness is a marker of selfefficacy and a key component of.
This can be used in a variety of ways to support assertive behaviour and assertive communication as part of social skills. The scale has 30 items and is aimed for teenagers and adults. S is explored in order to provide qualitative interpretation criteria. Standardization of the rathus assertiveness schedule. Tick in one of the columns 1, 2, 3, or 4 according to your level of comfort given as follows. Rathus is known for his warm, encouraging writing style and applied approach to learning. The rathus assertiveness schedule ras is a 30item selfreport instrument designed by rathus. Measures of assertiveness that existed at the time were considered outdated. In the context of education, assertiveness may be defined as the ability to express ones beliefs, wants, or feelings in a selfassured and direct manner. If information on a particular psychometric was not found, it is indicated as no information provided. Developing a short form of the simple rathus assertiveness. Emmons the following questions will be helpful in assessing your assertiveness. Social skills selfreport measure the rathus assertiveness.
Majority of the adolescents were moderately assertive, 75% and 53. We would like to show you a description here but the site wont allow us. When people with different thoughts and sensibilities are put in some situation, they exhibit behavior that vary from one to another. Eric ej253487 the assertiveness scale for children. Functional assertiveness is a new concept of assertiveness that represents a method of. Handout assertiveness scale self assessment last one.
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