The duty cycle is defined as the percentage of digital high to digital low plus digital high. Software interfacing of servo motor with microcontroller abstract automatic control of dc servo motor in terms of rotation angle has played a vital role in the advance electromechanical engineering. Normally, the dc bus voltage would be at least 10% more than the motor rated voltage to achieve complete speed range. Pwm signals are widely generated from microcontroller. It works on the principle of lorentz force by which the current carrying conductor in a magnetic field experiences a force hence the conductor moves on the direction of force called. In market, different speed control drives are available in which also pwm pulse width modulation techniques are used but they have low efficiency, because they have higher order of harmonic content as well as their cost is also so much high. Thus speed of dc motor is control through dutypwm cycle. You can download the complete proteus simulation along with the programming code in mikroc pro for pic compiler for speed. In this tutorial we will see how to control the speed of a dc motor using pulse width modulation. In our robotics applications we may have to control the speed of the dc motor. Dc motor speed control using pic16f84a circuit schematic. The transistor switches the motor driving current on and off at high rate.
Pdf bidirectional speed control of dc motor based on pulse. The pic16f84a microcontroller must be supplied with 5v between pins vdd and vss. Based on the sensed temperature the speed of the motor is controlled using pwm. Products available are 8, 16 and 32bit mcus and dscs, analog and interface products, 3phase bldc drivers and development tools.
The speed control of the bldc motor is archived by varying the duty cycles pwm pulses from the microcontroller according to the program. Jan 19, 20 dc motor and fan speed control using pic16f877 microcontroller using pwm pulse width modulation technique may 18, 2020 bq25619 i2ccontrolled 1. Pwm signals can be generated in our pic microcontroller by using the ccp compare capture pwm module. By connecting the en pin to a pwm pin of a pic microcontroller, the speed of the motor can be controlled in this way. Microcontroller based speed control of a dc motor using. Dc motor s speed controlling using pwm and microcontroller. Speed control of any motor is always done y pulse width modulation, abbreviated as pwm. Interfacing dc motor with 8051 microcontroller using l293d.
Apr 02, 2009 in this post, we ll learn the dc motor control using pwm signal. By varying the potentiometer, the pwm duty cycle will be varied as well. Ive configured the system clock at 80mhz, and the peripheral clock at 10mhz, am using timer 1 for pulsing the pwm with a given duty cycle, and timer 2 for measuring the motor run time. Jul 09, 2016 the best method for speed control of dc motor is the use of pulse width modulation technique. Programming the pic16f877a microcontroller for speed control. Generating pwm with pic microcontroller mikroc pro. Pwm based dc motor speed control using microcontroller.
We learned how to generate pwm signal using pic 16f84 microcontroller. We can drive two dc motors with one l293d, in this example we are using only the first pair of drivers to drive one dc motor. Above image illustrates the variation of speed based on the width of the pulse. Speed control of dc motor using pid algorithm stm32f4. Temperature controlled fan using pic 16f877a gadgetronicx. The width of signals generated by the pwm varies, and these signals are used to drive the motors which in turn varies the speed based on the on state. Dc motor speed control using pwm of pic microcontroller. Dc motor speed control using pwm with pic microcontroller. The pic16f877a microcontroller has been programmed to vary the duty cycle of motor using. By studying paper, firstly they are giving the supply to microcontroller.
Pwm control is a very commonly used method for controlling the power across loads. The laboratory test results confirm that the model created to control the speed of dc motor is operated at different speeds by varying duty cycle of pwm signal. Automation results into better quality, increased production an reduced costs. The resolution of our pwm signal is 10bit, that is for a value of 0 there will be a duty cycle of 0% and for a value of 1024 210 there be a duty cycle of 100%. This method is very easy to implement and has high efficiency. May 06, 2016 dc motor control with pic16f877a and l293d proteus simulation. Interfacing servo motor with pic microcontroller using. Dc motor speed control using pic16f84a and ccs pic c. In this chapter, speed control of a dc motor using pulse width modulation pwm technique is described. This tutorial is about dc motor speed control with a pic microcontroller using the pwm method. Pwm is the best and easy way to control speed of dc motors. Mar 25, 2016 dc motor speed control using pic16f84a and ccs pic c interfacing dc motor with pic16f84a dc motor speed can be easily controlled if the microcontroller has ccp module to generate pwm pulse width modulation signal, the speed is controlled when the pwm signal duty cycle is varied and if the duty cycle is changed the power delivered to the motor.
So, we used pwm to supply limited amount of power to a load and by this we can manage the energy or speed of the dc motor with ease. By using pwm we can easily control the average power delivered to a load and by thus we can easily control the speed of the dc motor. Pwm is a technique used to generate analog output signal using digital signals. Speed control of dc motor with microcontroller xc8. Phulambrikar, speed control of dc motor using capturecomparepulse width modulation module of pic microcontroller international journal of engineering research. Four quadrant speed control of dc motor with androidand its. Pulsewidth modulation pwm or dutycycle variation methods are commonly used in speed control of dc motors. If you have already worked with servo motors you can skip the first half of this tutorial but if you are new to servo motor. Speed control of dc motor using pwm a dc motor is an electromechanical device that converts direct current into mechanical energy by means of rotation of a shaft. We can control the speed of a dc motor through a microcontroller. It has a wide variety of applications such as dc motor speed control, sine wave inverters, brightness control.
You are thinking that we can manage the speed or energy by using different type of resistor like variable resistor. This is a method to control the output voltage with the of constant frequency switching and by adjusting on duration of switching and in other words by changing duty cycle of switching. In this example project dc motor is interfaced with pic microcontroller using l293d motor driver. Dc motor and fan speed control using pic16f877 microcontroller using pwm pulse width modulation technique may 18, 2020 bq25619 i2ccontrolled 1. This paper presents a design, simulation and implementation of pulse width modulation pwm speed control system of dc motor using microcontroller mcu. Pulse width modulation pwm with pic microcontroller. Several temperature ranges was set in the code to vary the motor speed based on the level of temperature sensed. Writing a pwm value to the ccp registers with a midrange. Speed control of dc motor using pic 16 f 877 a microcontroller. Varying duty cycle signals are shown in the pic on the right side. Oct 20, 2018 in this project the speed of the dc motor is controlled using a potentiometer connected to the pic16f887 microcontroller. Microchip provides motor control and drive solutions for brushless dc bldc, brushed dc, steppers, ac induction and more. Dc motors are used in industrial, comercial and domestic applications. Their are two ways to generate pulse width modulation signal using 805189c51,89c52 microcontrollers.
I already posted about interfacing dc motor with pic microcontroller. Dc motor speed control with arduino in proteus isis. Dc motor speed and direction control with pic16f84a using. In this article, we are going to learn how to control the speed of a dc motor using the pulse width modulation of a pic microcontroller. Dc motor speed control using pic16f84a microcontroller and ccs pic. Nowadays, the automatic process of motor control using. In this example a dc motor is interfaced with pic microcontroller using l293d motor driver as shown on figure 1 above. We can achieve speed control of dc motor using mechanical or electrical techniques but they require large size hardware to implement but a microcontroller based system provides an easy way to control the speed of dc motor. Speed control of dc motor using pulsewidth modulation pwm. The variable speed drives, which can control the speed of a. Dc motor speed and direction control with pic16f84a ccs c code. Speed control of dc motor using pic microcontroller.
The microcontroller receives the percentage of duty cycles from the keypad and delivers the desired output to switch the motor driver so as to control the speed of the bldc motor. May 19, 2017 interfacing dc motor with pic microcontroller. Aug 28, 2014 aug 28, 2014 so ive been working on my hackaday prize entry which involves using a very. Dc motor and fan speed control using pic16f877 microcontroller using pwmpulse width modulation technique april 27, 2019 by eg projects here is a simple project on how to control fan or. The resolution of our pwm signal is 10bit, that is for. An optical encoder, along with a pic microcontroller, provides a simple method of measuring a brushed dc motors speed. Jan 26, 20 i already posted about interfacing dc motor with pic microcontroller. Dec 29, 2016 in the previous projects, we have seen a simple dc motor control using lpc2148 and push buttons and also controlling of a servo motor using the same components. There are many applications of dc motors, where we need a variable speed of dc motor. Apr 10, 2017 speed control of dc motor using pic microcontroller.
In this project firstly we are giving the supply to pic microcontroller. Dc motor speed and direction control with pic mcu mplab. A typical pulse width modulation diagram is show below with different duty cycles. Most modern microcontrollers like avr arduino, for example, arm, pic, etc. The pic mcu has been programmed using flowcode software package and the. By interchanging output ports, it will effectively change the direction of the motor.
This is our 11th tutorial of learning pic microcontrollers using mplab and xc8. Speed control of dc motor using capturecomparepulse. The modeling and simulation of this project is done through mplab software. Dc motor control with pic16f877a and l293d proteus simulation. Pic microcontroller pwm tutorial using mplab and xc8. Im trying to create an embedded c code to control a dc motor with the pic32mx460f512l microcontroller. Oct 29, 2018 pwm based dc motor speed control using microcontroller circuit principle the heart of this project is the 8051 microcontroller. Speed control of dc motor by using pwm technique project.
The pwm signal drives a 2n2222 transistor which acts as an electronic switch. Apr 16, 2019 dc motor or fan speed is controlled using pwm pulse width modulation technique. If you have worked with any variant of the 8051 microcontroller, you might remember that 8051 doesnt have a dedicated pwm circuitry to enable pwm mode. Interfacing dc motor with pic microcontroller using l293d. Dc motor speed and direction control using pic16f877a and. The speed is related to the variation of the duty cycle of the pwm signal, the dc motor reaches its maximum speed when the duty cycle is equal to 100% 255 for 8bit resolution. We have explained pwm in this tutorial using 2 examples which will help you learn how to control led brightness using pwm and how to control dc motor speed using pwm. In this project, we will control the speed of a dc motor using lpc2148 mcu and a potentiometer by implementing pwm technique. By changing pulse width of a signal,we can control the speed of.
For the love of physics walter lewin may 16, 2011 duration. In our robotics applications we may have to control the speed of the dc. Dc motor speed control using pic16f84a and ccs pic c interfacing dc motor with pic16f84a dc motor speed can be easily controlled if the microcontroller has ccp module to. By changing pulse width of a signal,we can control the speed. A potentiometer is connected to analog channel 0 an0 of the pic. It is a very popular technique and most important part of a microcontroller. Official software pwm library which comes with ccs pic.
Dc motor speed control using pwm with pic microcontroller mikroc. Direction control of dc motor using arduino in proteus. In market, different speed control drives are available in which also pwm pulse width. Pulse width modulation pwm or dutycycle variation methods are commonly used in speed control of dc motors. Brushed dc motors are widely used in industrial applications where speed regulation requirements are critical. Now in the above project, i have used ir2110 using which i have controlled the speed of dc motor. To accomplish this speed measurement function, a pic.
Picmicro dc motor control tips n tricks microchip technology. Pic microcontroller pwm signal generation pwm signal is one of the simple and most commonly used technique to produce analog voltages from digital signals. Dc motor speed control using arduino the engineering. Armature voltage is varied by pulse width modulation pwm of input dc voltage. Dc motor speed and direction control with pic16f887 mcu and l293d code. The ratio of motor voltage to the dc bus voltage determines the maximum allowed pwm duty cycle. The laboratory test results confirm that the model created to control the speed of dc motor. Speed control of dc motor using pic microcontroller the. Though dac can provide you precise reading, but the disadvantage is that the transistor biased at the output of. An899, brushless dc motor control using pic18fxx41 mcus.
It is commonly used to control average power delivered to a load, motor speed control, generating analog voltage levels and for generating analog waveforms. This paper reports a microcontroller based control system to change the speed and direction of rotation of dc motor. By using pwm we can easily control the average power delivered to a load and by thus we can. Modulation pwm speed control system of dc motor using microcontroller. Embedded c code to control a dc motor with a pic microcontroller. Later we will take a look at the circuit diagram of dc motor speed control using microcontroller. Acpwm control for induction motor using pic microcontroller. Dc motor and fan speed control using pic16f877 microcontroller. Two push button switches are connected to 1st and 2nd pins of portd which is used to control the duty ratio of the generated pwm. The modulation of pulse width is obtained using pulse width generator in atmega16 microcontroller.
Acpwm control for induction motor is a system, that enables the singlephase ac motor to run at different speeds. Pic microcontrollers provide 2 costeffective methods for. Design and implementation of dc motor speed control based. By interfacing dc motor to the microcontroller, we can do many things like controlling the direction of the motor, controlling the speed of the motor. How to control dc motor speed using pwm on atmega32. Dc motor speed control using arduino the engineering projects. Dc motor speed control using pic microcontroller pwm method. Speed control of dc motor using pic microcontroller, by variable pwm with pic16f microcontroller with complete schematic and code.
Mplab xc8 for beginners tutorial 34 dc motor speed. In real life applications turning a motor on in clockwise or anticlockwise directions or turning it off is not always all that is required. Dc motor control with pic microcontroller mikroc projects. In this project, implementation of the atmega16 microcontroller for speed control of dc motor. By varying the pwm signal from microcontroller, the speed of dc motor is controlled. Pdf bidirectional speed control of dc motor based on. Dc motors speed controlling using pwm and microcontroller. Microcontrollers can provide easy control of dc motor. Using pwm pulse width modulation to control a device is a common practice in embedded systems. Here we are using 12v dc motor and average dc value delivered to motor can be varied by varying the duty ratio of the pwm.
Hence speed control of dc motor using android application is a cost effective, practical and the safest way to save power. But the most useful technique is the use of pulse width modulation pwm to speed of dc motor. Dc motors speed controlling using pwm of microcontroller. To accomplish this speed measurement function, a pic microcontrollers capture compare ccp and pulse width modulation pwm modules can be used to an operate a brushed dc motor. The speed of dc motor is controlled by pwm pulse width modulation technique. Microcontroller based speed control system consist of electronic component, microcontroller and the lcd.
Pwm control using arduinohow to control dc motor and led. Ive configured the system clock at 80mhz, and the peripheral clock at 10mhz, am using timer 1 for pulsing the pwm with a given duty cycle, and timer 2 for measuring the motor. A simple pwm pulse width modulation technique can be used to control the speed of the motor. Dc motor speed control using pic16f84a and ccs c compiler. Dc motor speed control using pic16f84a microcontroller and ccs pic c compiler. In this tutorial we will learn how to control servo motor with pic microcontroller. Mar 25, 2016 using this timer we are going to see how to make a software pwm in order to control the dc motor. Learn how to control the speed of a dc motor with pwm of pic microcontroller using mplab code configurator. Before you continue with this tutorial, you must read first. Todays industries are increasingly demanding process automation in all sectors.
Microcontroller based speed control of a dc motor using pwm. This article describes you how to control the dc motor using at89c51 controller or any variant of 8051 microcontroller. The c code below is for mplab xc8 compiler, it was tested with version 2. Dc motor speed control with 805189c51,89c52 microcontroller. For example, it has applications in electric cars, trucks, and aircraft. Here we will use a technique called pwm pulse width modulation to control the speed of dc motor. Dc motor speed control using pwm of pic microcontroller mikroc. Microcontroller based dc motor speed control using pwm. Pwm pulse can be generated using arduino and l298 enable pin is used to get that pwm pulse.
Dec 23, 2016 measuring motor speed with an optical encoder. In this tutorial we will see how to control the speed of a dc motor using pulse width modulation pwm. A simple pic microcontroller base pwm speed controller for small surplus gear motors. Apr 05, 2016 how to control speed of dc motor using pulse width moduation and duty cycle, how to change speed using variable voltage. The speed is related to the variation of the duty cycle of the pwm signal, the dc motor reaches its maximum speed. Pulse width modulation pwm technique is used where its signal is generated in microcontroller. Two push button switches are provided to control the speed of the motor. Speed control of dc motor using capturecomparepulse width.
Vdd and vss of the pic microcontroller is not shown in the circuit diagram. Software interfacing of servo motor with microcontroller. Pwm method to control the speed of dc motor has certain advantages over the dac method. Pdf microcontroller based dc motor speed control using pwm. You can generate it by using timers of 805189c51,89c52 microcontroller or you can switch a particular pin high and low so rapidly with some arbitrary delay in. Speed control of dc motor using incremental optical encoder. Open your arduino software, copy and paste the source code given below in your software. Pulsewidth modulation pwm, or pulseduration modulation pdm, is a technique used to encode a message into a pulsing signal. Ccp modules are available with a number of pic microcontrollers. The speed of rotation has to be controlled as well. The duty cycle is defined as the percentage of digital high to digital low plus digital high pulsewidth during a pwm period.
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